The principle of complementarity means that the ICC will only prosecute an individual if states are unwilling or unable to prosecute. Therefore, if legitimate national investigations or proceedings into crimes have taken place or are ongoing, the ICC will not initiate proceedings. This principle applies regardless of the outcome of national proceedings.Even if an investigation is closed without any criminal charges being filed or if an accused person is acquitted by a national court, the ICC will not prosecute an individual for the crime in question so long as it is satisfied that the national proceedings were legitimate.

The Nile River is one of the world’s longest and most politically sensitive water sources, flowing through multiple African states, including key actors such as Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt. Historically, access to the Nile has been governed by colonial-era agreements that granted disproportionate control and usage rights to downstream countries, particularly Egypt and Sudan, while limiting the ability of upstream states to develop and utilise the river. In recent decades, upstream countries like Uganda and others in the Nile Basin have increasingly sought to expand irrigation, hydropower, and infrastructure projects to support economic growth and rising populations. This has created significant tensions, as downstream nations—especially Egypt, which relies almost entirely on the Nile for freshwater—argue that reduced water flow poses an existential threat to their agriculture, economy, and survival. Efforts at cooperation, such as basin-wide initiatives and negotiations, have struggled to resolve these competing interests, leaving the region in a state of ongoing diplomatic strain and potential conflict over sovereignty, development, and resource security.

The Pokémon series is set in a world where humans live alongside creatures known as Pokémon, which can be trained for battles, competitions, and companionship. The story follows Ash Ketchum, a young trainer whose primary goal is to become a Pokémon Master. To pursue this goal, he travels continuously across different regions, participating in Gym battles and Pokémon League tournaments. Throughout his journey, he is accompanied by his Pokémon, most notably Pikachu, who remains his most consistent partner.

As he moves from one region to another, Ash forms close friendships with various companions, including Misty and Brock, who travel with him for periods of time. However, these relationships are typically temporary, as he eventually leaves them behind to continue his journey in new regions. This pattern of travel, competition, and transition defines the central structure of the series, with Ash prioritising his ongoing pursuit of growth and achievement within the Pokémon world.

Male premogeniture refers to a rule of inheritance at Common Law through which the oldest male child has the right to succeed to the estate of an ancestor to the exclusion of younger siblings, both male and female, as well as other relatives. The Y chromosome contains the gene SRY, which triggers male development at embryonic level.

For the purposes of this debate religious neutrality means the state treats all religions equally. Religious indifference means the state does not engage with religion at all, not privileging, not recognizing, not accommodating